什么是負載均衡？
當一個域名指向多臺web服務器時，添加一臺nginx負載均衡服務器，通過nginx負載均衡即可將來自于客戶端的請求均衡的發送給每臺web服務器，避免單臺服務器負載過高而其余服務器較為空閑的不均衡情況出現
配置nginx負載均衡：
在nginx機器上新建配置文件：
[root@centos02 ~]# vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/test.conf
添加如下內容：
upstream test
{
ip_hash;
server 192.168.0.10:80 weight=100;
server 192.168.0.20:80 weight=50;
}
server
{
listen 80;
server_name www.test.com;
location /
{
proxy_pass http://test;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
}
驗證nginx配置并重載：
[root@centos02 ~]# nginx -t nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful [root@centos02 ~]# nginx -s reload
接下來修改客戶端hosts文件將測試的域名www.test.com指向到測試的nginx負載均衡機器的IP即可訪問www.test.com網站。
負載均衡配置示例補充
1.根據請求的文件配置：
upstream aa {
server 192.168.0.10;
server 192.168.0.20;
}
upstream bb {
server 192.168.0.100;
server 192.168.0.101;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.test.com;
location ~ aa.php
{
proxy_pass http://aa/;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
location ~ bb.php
{
proxy_pass http://bb/;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
location /
{
proxy_pass http://bb/;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
}
請求aa.php的，會到aa組，請求bb.php的會到bb組，其他請求全部到bb組，必須要有location / {} ，否則不能正確匹配url
2.根據請求的目錄配置：
upstream aa {
server 192.168.0.10;
server 192.168.0.20;
}
upstream bb {
server 192.168.0.100;
server 192.168.0.101;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.test.com;
location /dir1/
{
proxy_pass http://aa/dir1/;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
location /dir2/
{
proxy_pass http://bb/dir2/;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
location /
{
proxy_pass http://bb/;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
}
#當請求uri中匹配/dir1/，代理到aa/dir1/，匹配/dir2/或者其他時，代理到bb/dir2/
nginx配置SSL證書實現通過https協議訪問網站：
SSL證書申請網站：
1.https://www.wosign.com/
2.https://freessl.cn/(免費)
#通過瀏覽器生成后，需要在服務器創建證書文件
創建證書文件：
[root@linux ~]# mkdir /etc/nginx/ssl [root@linux ~]# cd !$ cd /etc/nginx/ssl [root@linux ssl]# touch ca [root@linux ssl]# touch test.crt [root@linux ssl]# touch test.key
#將證書申請網站提供的對應證書的內容添加到ca/ .crt/ .key文件中即可
編輯nginx配置文件：
[root@linux ~]# vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/bbs.conf
添加如下內容：
listen 443 ssl; server_name test.bbs.com; ssl on; ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/test.crt; #定義.crt文件路徑 ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/test.key; #定義.key文件路徑 ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
驗證配置并重載nginx：
[root@linux ~]# nginx -t nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful [root@linux ~]# nginx -s reload
#接下來訪問網站地址欄即可顯示HTTPS
curl驗證方式：
curl -k -H "host:test.bbs.com" https://192.168.234.128/index.php
#host：域名，https:// webserver IP，輸出結果為網站頁面標簽信息即表示成功
以上就是本文的全部內容，希望對大家的學習有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。
