在asp中利用excel的一個(gè)方法是將excel文件作為一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)行鏈接,然后的操作和對(duì)access數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)操作類似.但是這個(gè)方法不是總能有用的，應(yīng)為excel不是關(guān)系型的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。對(duì)于一個(gè)固定格式,這個(gè)格式里有復(fù)雜的單元格合并,邊框線條樣式,還有圖案,單元格之間還有公式關(guān)系等等的,我想最容易理解的就是在后臺(tái)打開(kāi)一個(gè)已有設(shè)定好模板的文件,然后在需要的地方插入數(shù)據(jù),保存,輸出... ...
這里提到的這種方法是直接建立一個(gè)excel對(duì)象,在后臺(tái)可以更方便的對(duì)excel文檔進(jìn)行各種操作。
服務(wù)器端還必須要設(shè)置的一點(diǎn)是COM組件的操作權(quán)限。在命令行鍵入“DCOMCNFG”，則進(jìn)入COM組件配置界面，選擇MicrosoftExcel后點(diǎn)擊屬性按鈕，將三個(gè)單選項(xiàng)一律選擇自定義，編輯中將Everyone加入所有權(quán)限。保存完畢后重新啟動(dòng)服務(wù)器。
很重要.不設(shè)置的話,別的電腦將無(wú)法完成excel對(duì)象的建立.
但是這種方法也有一個(gè)缺憾,在我實(shí)際操作中,如果服務(wù)器上已有打開(kāi)的excel文件,再執(zhí)行同一文件,就會(huì)出錯(cuò).暫時(shí)還搞不明白為何.可能還有一些地方?jīng)]設(shè)置好吧.
另外,上面引用的文章中實(shí)例代碼格式不太完整,其中很多換行和空格格式不準(zhǔn)確,如果代碼完整,只要復(fù)制代碼,就可以運(yùn)行成功,然后再慢慢進(jìn)行研究修改,就很容易上手了.現(xiàn)把修改后的代碼如下(刪去了其中畫圖表的部分):
程序代碼：
%
On Error Resume Next
strAddr=Server.MapPath(".")
set objExcelApp=CreateObject("Excel.Application")
objExcelApp.DisplayAlerts=false
objExcelApp.Application.Visible=false
objExcelApp.WorkBooks.Open(strAddr"\Templet\Null.xls")
set objExcelBook=objExcelApp.ActiveWorkBook
set objExcelSheets=objExcelBook.Worksheets
set objExcelSheet=objExcelBook.Sheets(1)
objExcelSheet.Range("B2:k2").Value=Array("Week1","Week2","Week3","Week4","Week5","Week6","Week7")
objExcelSheet.Range("B3:k3").Value=Array("67","87","5","9","7","45","45","54","54","10")
objExcelSheet.Range("B4:k4").Value=Array("10","10","8","27","33","37","50","54","10","10")
objExcelSheet.Range("B5:k5").Value=Array("23","3","86","64","60","18","5","1","36","80")
objExcelSheet.Cells(3,1).Value="InternetExplorer"
objExcelSheet.Cells(4,1).Value="Netscape"
objExcelSheet.Cells(5,1).Value="Other"
objExcelSheet.Range("b2:k5").Select
SaveAs(strAddr"\Temp\Excel.xls")
objExcelApp.Quit
set objExcelApp=Nothing
%>
!DOCTYPEHTMLPUBLIC"-//W3C//DTDHTML4.0Transitional//EN">
HTML>
HEAD>
TITLE>NewDocument/TITLE>
METANAME="Generator"CONTENT="MicrosoftFrontPage5.0">
METANAME="Author"CONTENT="">
METANAME="Keywords"CONTENT="">
METANAME="Description"CONTENT="">
/HEAD>
BODY>
/BODY>
/HTML>
操作完excel文件需要將文件進(jìn)行輸出,實(shí)際弄一下,用ASP的redirect到excel方法,有時(shí)候是在IE中直接打開(kāi),有時(shí)候是彈出"下載 打開(kāi) 保存"窗口.如果需要直接在IE中打開(kāi),不放用FSO載入excel文件,然后在IE中輸出.
程序代碼:
%
Dim Fso,FileExt,strFilePath,Mime
strFilePath = "f:\aspxuexi.doc"
Set Fso=Server.CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
FileExt = Fso.GetExtensionName(strFilePath)
Set fso=Nothing
Select Case FileExt
Case "doc"
Mime="Application/msword"
Case "xls"
Mime="Application/msexcel"
End Select
Call OutPut(strFilePath,Mime)
'######################################################
Function OutPut(strFilePath,Mime)
Response.ContentType = Mime
Const adTypeBinary = 1
Set objStream = Server.CreateObject("ADODB.Stream")
objStream.Open
objStream.Type = adTypeBinary
objStream.LoadFromFile strFilePath
Response.BinaryWrite objStream.Read
objStream.Close
Set objStream = Nothing
End Function
'######################################################
%>
在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中.當(dāng)服務(wù)器端正在運(yùn)行excel或ACCESS程序時(shí),客戶端提交建立excel.application對(duì)象無(wú)法成功.另一種情況,當(dāng)一個(gè)客戶端提交請(qǐng)求時(shí),并沒(méi)有結(jié)束時(shí),另一個(gè)客戶端提交的請(qǐng)求也無(wú)法成功!或許這個(gè)問(wèn)題有別的解決方案,但是至少這是不穩(wěn)定的.
正好我們部門內(nèi)部網(wǎng)上有相關(guān)成功的例子,挖出來(lái)看,原來(lái)是在客戶端建立excel.application的.這樣,服務(wù)器端不會(huì)再?zèng)_突.對(duì)于客戶端,因?yàn)槭窃诰钟蚓W(wǎng)內(nèi)運(yùn)行,客戶IE安全級(jí)別可以設(shè)低,并允許運(yùn)行相關(guān)activeX(就是在IE工具選項(xiàng)中把各類涉及安全的東西都設(shè)為允許,具體的哪一項(xiàng)沒(méi)有去追究),即使沒(méi)有設(shè)置,IE也會(huì)彈出警告窗口:"是否允許運(yùn)行activeX?"
實(shí)現(xiàn)的代碼和上篇日志差不多,簡(jiǎn)單的如下:
程序代碼:
script language="vbscript">
set objExcelApp=CreateObject("Excel.Application")
objExcelApp.DisplayAlerts=true
objExcelApp.WorkBooks.Open("http://XXX.XXX.XXX/XXX.xls")
'完整網(wǎng)路地址的xls文件,這個(gè)文件已經(jīng)設(shè)置好格式及打印樣式,保存在服務(wù)器上
set objExcelBook=objExcelApp.ActiveWorkBook
set objExcelSheets=objExcelBook.Worksheets
set objExcelSheet=objExcelBook.Sheets(1)
'====此處為對(duì)excel單元格進(jìn)行填寫數(shù)據(jù)的語(yǔ)句,如果是從數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)提取數(shù)據(jù),可由后臺(tái)程序生成這些語(yǔ)句,ASP中的示列:
'如:response.write "objExcelSheet.Range(""B2"").Value="""rs("XXX")""""
'或 objExcelSheet.Range("B2").Value="%=rs("XXX")%>"
objExcelSheet.Range("B2:k2").Value=Array("Week1","Week2","Week3","Week4","Week5","Week6","Week7")
objExcelSheet.Range("B3:k3").Value=Array("67","87","5","9","7","45","45","54","54","10")
objExcelSheet.Range("B4:k4").Value=Array("10","10","8","27","33","37","50","54","10","10")
objExcelSheet.Range("B5:k5").Value=Array("23","3","86","64","60","18","5","1","36","80")
objExcelSheet.Cells(3,1).Value="InternetExplorer"
objExcelSheet.Cells(4,1).Value="Netscape"
objExcelSheet.Cells(5,1).Value="Other"
'==================
'objExcelApp.Quit
'set objExcelApp=Nothing
/script>
上述代碼中
'objExcelApp.Quit
'set objExcelApp=Nothing
作為取消執(zhí)行,因?yàn)榇颂幉灰P(guān)閉excel.applicaition,不然數(shù)據(jù)填完后,excel會(huì)關(guān)閉掉.這時(shí)在客戶端打開(kāi)的excel文件需要由客戶進(jìn)行修改或打印等操作。
以上就是利用ASP輸出excel文件的全部過(guò)程，希望對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助。
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